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LESSON 4 · Invest Without Fear

The Survivor Problem

Since 2009, more than 20,000 cryptocurrencies have been created. The large majority — by many estimates more than half, and far higher among early token launches — have collapsed to near-zero value or been abandoned entirely. The ones you hear about are the survivors.

This is textbook survivorship bias. Bitcoin and Ethereum dominate the headlines, but for every success story, hundreds of projects quietly disappeared — taking investors' money with them.