Before the Beginning

About 13.8 billion years ago, the observable universe was in an extremely hot, dense state, and space itself began expanding. If you run classical general relativity backward far enough, the equations hit a singularity - a point where density becomes infinite and known physics stops giving reliable answers.

That does not mean cosmologists have confirmed a literal point containing all space, matter, and time. It means our current model reaches a limit. The Big Bang was not an explosion into existing space, but an expansion of space itself from an early hot, dense state.

The Big Bang is the most misunderstood event in science. It was not a bomb going off in empty space — it was the rapid expansion of space from an early hot, dense state. Asking what happened before the Big Bang may be like asking what is north of the North Pole: in our current models, time itself reaches a boundary where ordinary before-and-after language may stop working.