Beyond Medicine

The same cut-and-paste trick reaches far past hospitals:

• Farming: crops edited to resist drought, fungus, or browning, often without adding any foreign DNA.
• Diagnostics: Cas enzymes can be tuned to flag a virus's genetic signature, turning CRISPR into a fast field test.
• Research: scientists knock out genes one by one to learn what each actually does.

One borrowed bacterial tool now shows up across biology.