Smart Glass Technology

Electrochromic glass holds a thin layer of tungsten oxide that shifts from clear to dark when voltage is applied. Ions migrate into the layer, changing its structure and blocking light.

Boeing's 787 Dreamliner uses these windows instead of pull-down shades — passengers dim their own window with a button, and the crew can darken the whole cabin at once.

Self-cleaning glass carries a titanium dioxide coating that uses UV light to break down organic dirt, then lets rainwater sheet off evenly and rinse the loosened grime away.