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LESSON 4 · Mental Math Shortcuts

Scale Both Numbers

A division stays the same if you shrink the top and bottom by the same factor. 450 ÷ 18 both divide by 6, giving 75 ÷ 3 = 25. Cancelling first leaves smaller, friendlier numbers.

The same move tames ugly fractions: 7,200 ÷ 350 becomes 720 ÷ 35, then 144 ÷ 7. Look for a common factor before you divide, and the problem often collapses into something you can finish in your head.