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LESSON 2 · Icons Who Shaped History

Captured, Tried, and Burned

Joan was captured by Burgundian forces allied with England in May 1430 and sold to the English for 10,000 livres. She was tried for heresy by a church court in Rouen that was politically controlled by her English enemies.

The trial was a judicial farce: the charges were manipulated, evidence was fabricated, and Joan was denied legal counsel. She was convicted and burned at the stake on May 30, 1431, at roughly nineteen years of age.