Developing Intellectual Humility

Protect yourself from the Dunning-Kruger effect:

• Assume you are in stage one for any new topic. Enter with curiosity, not opinions
• Test your knowledge by explaining it to someone who asks probing questions. Gaps reveal themselves under pressure
• Seek experts' critiques, not their praise. Praise feels good but teaches nothing
• Welcome the confidence crash — feeling dumb about a topic means you have reached stage two, which is real progress.