LESSON 4 · Calculus Without Tears
Slopes You Feel
The steepness of a hiking trail, the pitch of a roof, the tax-bracket jump at a salary threshold — these are all slopes. Rates of change decide which highway lane moves fastest, how much faster compound interest grows than simple interest, and how quickly a virus spreads through a population before measures slow it down.

Attention Has a Slope
Workplace studies have tracked how often office workers switch tasks, and the answer is sobering: on average, about every three minutes. Left alone, the derivative of focus over time stays negative — attention decays steadily until something resets it. Treat a deep-work block the way you would a downhill grade: protect it, because once the slide starts it is hard to stop.