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LESSON 4 · Black Holes: Where Physics Breaks

Tidal Forces Compared

How violent spaghettification gets depends on the black hole's mass. For a 10-solar-mass black hole, the tidal forces turn lethal a few thousand kilometers out — well outside its tiny event horizon, which spans only about 30 kilometers. You would be torn apart long before crossing the boundary.

The supermassive black hole in M87 has about 6.5 billion solar masses, and its event horizon spans billions of kilometers. The tidal force at that horizon would be imperceptible — gentler than the pull the Moon exerts on you right now. You could cross comfortably and would not meet fatal tidal forces until you were deep inside, close to the singularity.