Identify the type of problem to choose the right solution:

• Excessive echo/reverb — hard, reflective surfaces bounce sound around, creating overlap that muddies speech. Slow down dramatically and over-articulate.
• Absorption/dead room — soft surfaces swallow sound. Increase projection and aim for any hard surface that might reflect toward listeners.
• Background noise — HVAC, crowds, traffic. Do not try to outshout it. Increase clarity through articulation and speak in the gaps between noise peaks.
• Outdoor dispersion — sound scatters with nothing to reflect it back. Project more, keep listeners in front of you, and move closer rather than louder.